Battery ब्याट्री

 

ब्याट्री (Battery)

/f;folgs zlSt(Chemical Energy)nfO{ law'lto zlSt(Electrical Energy)df kl/0ft ug]{ pks/0fnfO{ ब्याट्री(Battery) elgG5 . Aofl6(Battery)žn] law'lto zlSt (Electrical Energy) jf s/]G6 pTkfbg ug]{ sfo{ ub{5 . h'g s/]G6 dfkm{t cfj:oStf cg';f/ law'tlto pks/0f(Electrical equipment) rnfp`g ;lsG5 . ;fw/0fto ब्याट्री 8žfO{ ;]n(Dry cell) / j]6 ;]n(Wet cell) ul/ b'O{ k|sf/sf kfO{G5 . 8žfO{ ;]n(Dry cell) sf ब्याट्री(Battery)sf] ;]n(Cell) x? ;'Vvf x'G5 eg] j]6 ;]n(Wet cell) Aofl6žž(Battery)sf] ;]n(Cell)x? leh]sf] cj:yfdf x'G5 . k|fo h;f] c6f]df]l6e lexfO{sn(Automotive Vehicle) x?df j]6 ;]n(Wet Cell) ब्याट्रीsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5 . j]6 ;]n(Wet Cell) ब्याट्रीलाई ln8 Pl;8 ब्याट्री(Lead Acid Battery) klg eGg] ul/G5 .

ln8 Pl;8 ब्याट्री (Lead Acid Battery) 

ln8(Lead) / Pl;8(Acid)sf] /f;folgs k|ltls|of dfkm{t s/]G6 pTkfbg ug]{ ब्याट्रीnfO{ ln8 Pl;8 Aब्याट्री(Lead Acid Battery) elgG5 . ln8 Pl;8 ब्याट्री(Lead Acid Battery)sf] Pp6f ;]n(Cell) a/fa/ @ ef]N6sf] x'G5 To;sf/0f !@ ef]N6sf] ब्याट्रीdf ^ j6f ;]n(Cell) / ^ ef]N6sf] ब्याट्रीdf # j6f ;]n(Cell) /xG5 . x/]s ;]n(Cell)df Pp6f kf]lhl6e Kn]6(Positive Plate) / Pp6f g]u]l6e Kn]6(Negative Plate) /xG5 . kf]lhl6e Kn]6(Positive Plate)x? ln8 cS;fO{8(Lead Oxide) af6 ag]sf] x'G5 / g]u]l6e Kn]6(Negative Plate)x? ln8(Lead) af6 ag]sf] x'G5 . lt Kn]6(Plate)x? l8lno"6 ;nlkmo"l/s Pl;8(Dilute Sulphuric Acid=1250 Sepcific Gravity)df 8'afPsf] x'G5 . ;fy} ;]n(Cell)x?nfO{ Aofl6ž s]; (Battery Case) leq ;]l/h sg]S;g(Series Connection)df hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . ha Aofl6žaf6 s/]G6 vkt x'G5 To; cj:yfdf ब्याट्रीsf] ln8 Pl;8(Lead Acid) /f;folgs k|ltl/ls|of eO{ kf]h]l6e(Positive) / g]u]l6e Kn]6(Negative Plate)x?sf] s0f ln8 ;nkm]6(Lead Sulphate)df kl/0ft xb} hfG5 . Aofl6žsf] of] cj:yfnfO{ l8:rflh{é k|f];]; (Discharging Process) elgG5 . o;} ul/ clGtd cj:yfdf Aofl6žn] s/]G6 pTkfbg ug{ g;Sg] l:yltdf k'U5 / o; cj:yfdf kf]h]l6e / g]u]l6e Kn]6 k'0f{ ?kdf ln8 ;nkm]6(Lead Sulphate)df kl/0ft eO{ ;nlkmo"l/s Pl;8(Sulphuric Acid) kfgL aGg hfG5 . o:tf] ब्याट्रीnfO{ k"gMl/rfh{ ul/ klxn]sf] cj:yfdf kmsf{p`g ;lsG5 . cyf{t ln8 ;nkm]6df kl/0ft eO{ ;s]sf] kf]h]l6e(Positive) / g]u]l6e Kn]6(Negative Plate)x? s|dzMln8 cS;fO{8(Lead Oxcide) tyf ln8(Lead)df / kfgLdf kl/0ft eO{ ;s]sf] इलेक्ट्रोलाईटलाई ;nlkmo"l/s Pl;8(Sulphuric Acid)df kl/0ft ug{ ;lsG5 . o;nfO{ rflhé k|f];]; (charging Process) elgG5 .

Aब्याट्री Sofkfl;l6 (Battery Capacity)

s'g} klg ब्याट्रीले pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg] s/]G6sf] IfdtfnfO{ Aofl6ž Soflkl;l6(Battery Capacity) elgG5 . o;nfO{ PlDko/xfj/(Ampere-Hour=AH) O{sfO{df gflkG5 . x/]s lsl;dsf] Aofl6žsf] Sofkfl;l6(Capacity) ;f]lx Aofl6žsf s]; (Case)df g} nlvPsf x'G5 . olb s'g} ब्याट्रीमा % P·Pr(AH) n]lvPsf] 5 eg] ;f] ब्याट्रीले ! PlDko/(Ampere)sf] s/]G6 % 306f ;Dd cyjf % PlDko/(Ampere)sf] s/]G6 ! 306f ;Dd pknAw ug{ ;S5 eg]/ a'lemG5 .

Pk|f]lhd]6 rflh{é /]6 (Approximate Charging Rate)

   Aofl6žnfO{ rfh{(Charge) ug'{ k/]df l7s PlDko/(Ampere)n] rfh{{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 . ;fw/0fto gof` Aofl6ž rfh{{(Charge) ubf{ Aofl6ž Soflkl;l6(Battery Capacity)sf] !) k|ltztsf] b/n] rfh{ ug'{ k5{ . h:t} % P·Pr(AH)sf] Aofl6žnfO{ rfh{ ug'{ k/]df % P·Pr(AH)sf] !) k|ltzt a/fa/ )=% PlDko/(Ampere)n] rfh{{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 .

Pk|f]hfO{6 rflh{é 6fO{d (Approxite Charging Time)

Aofl6žnfO{ rfh{{{(Charge) ubf{ l7s ;do ;Dd rfh{{{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 . Aofl6ž rfh{{{(Charge) ubf{ slt ;do ;Dd rfh{{{(Charge) ug]{ eGg] s'/f rflh{é /]6(Charging Rate)df e/ kb{5 . olb Aofl6ž Soflkl;l6(Charging Rate Capacity)sf] !) k|ltztsf] b/n] rfh{(Charge) u/]sf] 5 eg] !) 306f ;Dd rfh{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 . olb rflh{é /]6(Charging Rate) pRr 5 eg] rfh{(Charge) ;do sd nfU5 / To;} ul/ rflh{é /]6(Charging Rate) sd 5 eg] rfh{(Charge) ;do al9 nfU5 .

ब्याट्री rflh{é k|f];]; (Battery Charging Process)

   olb Pp6f dfq Aofl6ž rfh{(Charge) ug'{ k/]df rfh{/(Charger);+u Kof/nfn sg]S;g(Parellel Conection)df hf]8]/ rfh{  ug'{ kb{5 . olb b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf al9 Aofl6ž Ps} ;fy rfh{(Charge) ug'{ k/]df ;a{k|yd Aofl6žx?nfO{ ;]l/h(Series) jf Kof/nfn sg]S;g(Parellel Conection)df hf]8]/ Pp6} ;dfg agfp`g' kb{5 / To; kl5 rfh{/(Charger);+u Kof/nfn sg]S;g(Parellel Conection)df hf]8]/ rfh{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 . ;]l/h sg]S;g(Series Conection)df Ps} k6s w]/} Aofl6ž rfh{(Charge) ubf{ Aofl6ž rfh{/{(Battery Charger)df To; dWo] ;a} eGbf sd P·Pr(AH)sf] !) k|ltztsf] b/n] P·Pr(AH) ldnfO{ rfh{ ug'{ k5{ / Kof/nfn sg]S;g(Parellel Conection)df Ps} k6s w]/} Aofl6ž rfh{(Battery Charge) ubf{ Aofl6ž rfh{/(Battery Charge)df To; dWo] ;a} eGbf al9 P·Pr(AH)sf] !) k|ltztsf] b/n] P·Pr(AH) ldnfO{ rfh{ ug'{ k5 .

d]g6]g]G; ckm Aofl6ž (Maintenance Of Battery)

!_Aofl6žsf] O{n]S6žf]nfO{6 n]en(Electrolyte Level) ;w} cKk/ n]en(Upper Level) ;Dd x'g' kb{5 . olb O{n]S6žf]nfO{6 n]en(Electrolyte Level) 3l6 ePdf l8l:6n jf6/(Distiled Water) yKg' kb{5 .

@_Aofl6žsf] 6/ldgn(Terminal)x? ;w} ;kmf x'g' kb{5 .

#_Aofl6žnfO{ ;6{ ;/ls6 6]i6(Short Circuit Test) ug'{ x'b}g .

$_Aofl6ž km'lNn l8:rfh{(Fully Discharge) x'g' eGbf klxn] rfh{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 .

%_Aofl6ž rfh{(Battery Charge) ubf{ rflh{é /]6(Charging Rate) / rflh{é 6fO{d(Charging Time) ldnfP/ rfh {{{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 tfsL cf]e/ rfh{(Over Charge) gxf]; .

^_;jf/L ;fwgdf O{n]lS6žs(Electric) ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ Aofl6ž 6/ldgn(Battery Terminal) 5'6\ofP/ dlN6dL6/(multimeter)sf] ;xfotfaf6 r]s ug'{ kb{5 .

gof` Aofl6žnfO{ k|of]udf Nofp`g] t/Lsf

ahf/af6 vl/b ul/ NofPsf] Aofl6ž ;'Vvf x'G5 . To:tf] Aofl6ž lalzi6 3gTj ePsf] ;nlkmo"l/s Pl;8(Sulphuric Acid) /fv]/ l;w} k|of]udf Nofp`g ;lsG5 . t/ Aofl6žsf] lb3{lhlatfsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ eGbf klxn] rfh{{{{(Charge) ug'{ kb{5 . To;}n] tn lbPsf] lalw cg';f/ k|of]udf Nofp`g ;lsG5 .

!_Aofl6žsf] PS;x:6 kf]6{{{{(Exhaust Port) vf]n]/ PS;x:6 l6o"j(Exhaust Tube)  hf]8\g] .

@_Aofl6žsf] ;]n Sofk(Cell Cap) lgsfn]/ x/]s ;]n(Cell)x?df cKk/ n]en(Upper Level) ;Dd ;nlkmo"l/s Pl;8(Sulphuric Acid) /fVg] .

#_Aofl6žnfO{ s]lx ;do -%!)dLg]6_ 3fddf /fVg] .

$_O{n]S6žf]nfO{6 n]en(Electrolyte Level)r]s ul/ cfjZos k/]df ;nlkmo"l/s Pl;8(Sulphuric Acid) yKg] .

%_ब्याट्रीnfO{ 7Ls rflh{é /]6(Charging Rate) / 7Ls ;do ;Dd rfh{{{{{(Charge) ug]{ .

^_Aofl6žsf] O{n]S6žf]nfO{6 n]en(Electrolyte Level) r]s ug]{ / cfj:os ePdf l8l:6n jf6/(Distiled Water)  yKg] .

&_;]n Sofk(Cell Cap)x? l/lkm6 ug]{ .

   oL dfyLsf k|ls|of k'/f ul/;s]kl5 Aofl6ž s]; (Battery Case) ;kmf ul/ k|of]udf Nofp`g ;lsG5 .

O{n]lS6žsn l;:6d

O{n]lS6žsn k|0ffnLdf k|of]u x'g] k'hf{x?

!_;'O{r(Switch)M O{n]lS6žsn ;So{"6(Electrical Circuit)nfO{ hf]8\g] / 5'6\ofp`g] .

@_aNj(Bulb)M O{n]lS6žsn zlSt(Electrical Energy)nfO{ k|sflzo zlSt k|jfx ug]{ .

#_jfo/(Wire Or Cable)M O{n]lS6žsn zlSt(Electrical Energy) k|jfx ug]{ .

$_lkmo"h(Fuse)M O{n]lS6žsn ;So"{6(Electrical Circuit)arfp`gsf] nflu k|of]u x'g] / al9 s/]G6 k|jfx x'g glbg] .

%_km\nf;/ (Flasher)M 6g{ nfO{6(Turn Light)nfO{ km\nf; (Flash) ug]{ .

^_/]lS6kmfo/(Rectifier)M P·l; s/]G6(AC Current)nfO{ l8·l; s/]G6(DC Current)df kl/0ft ug]{ .

&_:6f{6/ df]6/(Starter Motor)M O{lGhg :6f{6 ug'{sf] nflu S|ofªs ;fkm\6nfO{ 3'dfp`g] . -O{n]lS6žsn zlSt(Electrical Energy)nfO{ d]sflgsn zlStdf kl/0ft ug]{_

*_sf]O{n; (Coils)M P·l; s/]G6(AC Current) pTkfbg ug]{ .

(_lkmo"n dL6/(Fuel Meter)M lkmo"n 6\ofªs(Fuel Tank)df ePsf] k]6\f]n(Fuel) dfkg ug]{ .

!)_6]rf] dL6/(Tacho Meter)M O{lGhg(Engine)sf] cf/·lk·Pd(RPM=Revolution Per Minute) gfKg] oGq .

!!_xg{(Horn)M O{n]lS6žsn ;So{"6(Electrical Circuit)nfO{ WjfgL zlSt(Sound Energy)df kl/jt{g ug]{ .

!!Aofl6ž(Battery)M l8·l; s/]G6(DC Current) pTkfbg ug]{ .

xg{ ;/ls6 (Horn Circuit)

a|]s nfO{6 ;'O{r (Brake Light Switch)

6g{ nfO{6 ;/ls6 (Turn Light Circuit)

x]8 nfO{6 ;/ls6 (Head Light Circuit)

Rfflh{é ;/ls6 (Charging Circuit)

lkmo"n dL6/ ;/ls6 (Fuel Meter Circuit)

:6f{6/ df]6/ ;/ls6 (Starter MOtor Circuit)

:6f{6/ df]6/ ;/ls6 (Starter MOtor Circuit)

ofdfxf df]6/;fO{sn O{nlS6žsn l;:6d (Yamaha Motorcycle Electrical System)

tf/                   /é

cly{é                     sfnf]

l;l8cfO{af6 d]g ;'O{r           ;]tf] / sfnf] ldl;Psf]

Go"6žn l:jraf6 lrddf uPsf]       cfsf;]

SjfO{naf6 x]8nfO{6 ;'O{r          kx]+nf] jf sfnf]

Aofl6žaf6 d]g ;'O{r                  /ftf]

d]g ;'O{raf6 kms]{sf]            lkmSsf kx]+nf]

l;l8cfO{af6 O{lUg;g             ;'Gtnf

kN; sf]O{naf6 l;l8cfO{          ;]tf] / lgnf]

:6f{6 sf]O{naf6 l;l8cfO{          sfnf] / /ftf]

l;l8cfO{af6 cf/lkPd b]vfp`g]       ;]tf] / lgnf]

ahfh df]6/;fO{sn O{nlS6žsn l;:6d (Bajaj Motorcycle Electrical System)

tf/                   /é

cly{é                     sfnf]df kx]+nf] ldl;Psf]

Aofl6žaf6 d]g ;'O{r                  ;]tf]

d]g ;'O{raf6 kms]{sf]            v}/f]

km\nf;/af6 ;fO{8 nfO{6 ;'O{r      ;'Gtnf

;fO{8 nfO{6 ;'O{raf6 n]km\6        xl/of]

;fO{8 nfO{6 ;'O{raf6 /fO{6        /ftf]

a|]s nfO{6 ;'O{raf6 lrddf uPsf]         lgnf]

x]8 nfO{6af6 uPsf] kfls{é        /ftf]

lx/f]xf]G8f df]6/;fO{sn O{nlS6žsn l;:6d (Hero Honda Motorcycle Electrical System)

tf/                   /é

cly{é                     xl/of]

l;l8cfO{af6 d]g ;'O{r           sfnf]df ;]tf] ldl;Psf]

sf]O{naf6 x]8nfO{6 ;'O{r          kx]+nf]

xg{ ;'O{raf6 xg{               lkmSsf xl/of]

d]g ;'O{raf6 km\nf;/            sfnf]

Go"6žn ;'O{raf6 aNa            cfO{8f]df lgnf]

6{g nfO{6af6 km'n dL6/          kx+]nf]df xl/of]

6{g nfO{6 ;'O{raf6 /fO{6 aNa      cfsf;]

6{g nfO{6 ;'O{raf6 n]km\6 aNa     ;'Gtnf

km\nf;/af6 ;'O{r              v/fgL